DOI: 10.31038/AFS.2021343

Abstract

It will not be possible to get the biological course and to know the biological species without a comprehensive knowledge of different species, especially their important species from different landscapes. Chinese high-fin banded shark is a species of biological and geogeological importance about which little resources and research have been done. This fish is also of special importance from an evolutionary point of view. The present article tries to examine the general characteristics, general needs, and methods required.

Keywords

Biological, Geogeological, Evolution

Introduction

Myxocyprinus asiaticus is a freshwater fish native to China and the only member of the family, Catostomidae, in Asia [1]. This species is an important commercial fish and has an important role in archaeological and geogeographical studies [2]. It is also used as an ornamental fish due to its colorful body. However, the wild population of this fish has decreased tragically in recent decades due to overfishing, water pollution and other anthropogenic effects [3]. Chinese sucker is an endangered species that is the second most endangered species in China [4].

Systematic and Morphological

It is the only member of the Catostomidae family in Asia [5]. A large freshwater fish with a slightly long and compact body on both sides, small and short head, short snout, and curved mouth upwards, full lateral line, lack of Barbel on jaw and smooth abdominal surface 48-53 scales on lateral line, long base of dorsal fin Which is close to the second fin. It has three stripes on the sides and a panda-like dark spot on the edge of the eye in adult species [6].

Distribution

They are distributed only in the Yangtze and Min Jiang rivers in China [7].

Maintain and Expand Reserves

This species is an endangered fish, which is in the second category of endangered aquatic and terrestrial animals in China [8].

Controlling abandoned populations and preventing population decline through factors such as disease is inevitable. One of the most reliable methods of disease control in aquaculture is the preventive use of immune stimulants [9]. Immune stimuli can increase survival against pathogens by enhancing the nonspecific defense mechanism [10]. Also, in a study on thermal marking of fish pebbles, which was performed by exposing Chinese high-fin banded shark larvae to temperature regimes from hot water 28°C to cold water 16°C, it was found that the incremental patterns of pebbles were different in each group. In this way, by controlling the duration of presence in hot water, narrower or wider incremental patterns could be obtained. A deep and positive relationship between the width of the incremental pattern and the duration of cultivation in hot water in each cycle of water temperature fluctuation could be seen. Unusually, it is proposed as a solution to distinguish breeding people from species grown in nature [11]. Studies have also shown that those in the 24-hour temperature cycle provided clear, high-contrast patterns compared to constant-temperature findings [12].

Genetics

The Catostomidae family is thought to have evolved from a cyprinid-like ancestor in Asia [13]. Although most members of this family of about 60 species are now confined to North America, only two species include Catostomus catostomus rostarus (a subspecies of C. c. Catostomus in North America; sometimes both of these fish as a subspecies). Single species are classified as C. c. Catostomus in eastern Siberia and Myxocyprinus asiaticus in China, native to Eurasia. Tetraploidy has been confirmed in North American suckers [14,15]. A study also found that tetraploidy of this family was found in Asia and not in North America [16].

Nutrition

The Chinese high-fin banded shark actively collects food from the floor and seems to need 30 minutes to complete one dimension [17]. Chinese high-fin banded shark is an omnivorous species that is bred in China due to its delicious meat and uniform growth. These resources are difficult to store and easily reduce water quality and even spread diseases [18]. It is important to know the sources and principles of fish nutrition in their impact on various factors such as growth, productivity, survival and fertility, as well as providing alternative or complementary methods and food sources. Some important sources of nutrition will be listed.

Phosphorus

Phosphorus is an important component of the internal skeleton of fish, with more than one-third found in phospholipids, nucleic acids, cell membranes, and energy-rich compounds [19]. Although fish have the ability to absorb minerals from water [20], food is the main source of phosphorus due to its low concentration in salt and fresh water. Analyzes have shown that the minimum amount of phosphorus for optimal growth of this species of fish is 7.4 grams per kilogram of body mass [21]

Protein

Knowing the amount of protein needed is a necessity for formulating balanced diets. So far, only a few studies have been performed on Chinese suckling infants. Information [22,23] about the protein required in the diet of this fish is scarce. According to a study, about 460 grams per kilogram of body weight of protein fish in a diet Food can be the optimal level for the maximum growth of M. asiaticus [24]. In general, one of the main components of fish mixed foods is fish meal or fish meal, although recently the price of fish meal has increased sharply with a decrease in resources [25-28]. Therefore, the need to look for sustainable alternatives is felt. For decades, aquatic nutritionists have evaluated plant protein sources to replace some or all of fishmeal [29-32]. One of these alternatives is Soybean meal (SBM). According to research, fermented soybean meal (FSBM) is a plant protein suitable for replacing up to 35% of the protein in fish diet without significant adverse effects on growth, survival, FCR, PER and body composition [33].

Vitamin C

Vitamin C, also known as L-ascorbic acid, is a powerful reducing agent that facilitates iron absorption [34]. Vitamin C is also a cofactor in the hydroxylation of proline and lysine to hydroxyproline and hydroxy-lysine [35]. Research has shown that growth factors for nutritional survival and nutritional productivity are improved by adding vitamin C to food at a maximum of 2.125 mg per kilogram of fish body weight. Also, the minimum amount of vitamin C for optimal growth of M. asiaticus is 84.6 g/kg body weight of fish [36].

Conclusion

The importance and danger of this species makes it a species of interest. The importance of nutrition and disease prevention and policy for the population of this fish is well known. It is also noteworthy that this fish is a creature to follow the evolutionary path.

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